This volume contains a wide range of papers by Buddhist scholars, contemplatives, philosophers, scientists, clinicians, and educators addressing various perspectives on mindfulness. It was originally published as a special issue of a journal, Contemporary Buddhism, Volume 12, 2011. That issue was so popular and sold out so quickly that it was decided to publish its contents as a book so that it would be much more widely available as a resource for anyone, scholar or practitioner alike, who might be interested in taking their personal understanding of mindfulness to a deeper level by encountering differing views. All of the contributions break exciting new ground: in our understanding of the various ways in which mindfulness has been understood within the Buddhist traditions themselves; in how those traditional views may be changing; in regard to the ways in which the cultivation of mindfulness can transform our relationship to suffering; in terms of technical questions concerning whether and how mindfulness might be directly and indirectly “measured;” and in terms of specific innovative applications in different contexts in education and leadership. This is not an instructional book for those who wish to bring mindfulness into their own lives. Rather, it is for those who wish to broaden their horizons around the practice of mindfulness itself within different frameworks and disciplines. A final chapter by Jon recounts some of the history of MBSR and how it came into being, its universality, the different dharma streams on which it is based, and some of the challenges associated with becoming an effective MBSR instructor.